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in this video we're going to focus on
naming ionic compounds
this is going to be binary ionic
compounds
those with polyatomic ions
and those with transition metals where
you have to incorporate the roman
numerals
so let's begin
let's start with the basics how can we
write the name of nacl so if we're given
the chemical formula how can we write
the name of this compound
so it's an ionic compound
and ionic compounds are composed of a
metal and a non-metal you need to
distinguish it from molecular compounds
because the naming system is different
for molecular compounds typically not
all the time but most of the time it's
consistent of two nonmetals and you have
to use rules like monodye triad tetra
and things like that but when you have
an ionic compound you don't need to use
the prefixes mono diatrite tetra so keep
that in mind
so what you need to do is name the first
element
n a is called sodium
now the second element instead of
calling it chlorine you're going to add
the end in chloride
so it's called
sodium
chloride
let's try another example
so let's say if we want to write the
name of mgbr2
so first use the periodic table to
identify mg
mg
is called magnesium
and then you look at the second element
on a periodic table it's called bromine
but
instead of saying bromine we're going to
add the suffix eyed so it's going to be
bromide
so to name it it's simply called
magnesium
bromide
let's try some more examples
alf 3
and cao
so al stands for aluminum
f represents fluorine
but we're going to say fluoride so alf 3
is called
aluminum
fluoride
now what about cao what is the name for
that
ca stands for calcium
and the o represents oxygen
but we're going to say oxide so this is
called calcium
oxide
now let's try two more examples
write the chemical names of
sr3 n2 and bas
so sr stands for strontium
n
represents nitrogen
so this is going to be called strontium
nitride
now what about the last one bas
the a is associated with the element
barium
s is sulfur but we're going to change it
to sulfide
so barium sulfide
so that's how you can name binary ionic
compounds
now sometimes
you might be given an ionic compound
that contains a polyatomic ion
and the periodic table won't help you
much in this case at least for the
polyatomic ion you simply have to commit
it to memory if you're fortunate your
teacher is going to give you the
polyatomic ion sheet and so you could
just use that look it up
if not you have to commit it to memory
so
you're going to need it for the rest of
your chemistry course i would advise you
just to memorize it and it's just going
to make life easier
so let's start with li2 so4
and na2
co3
so how can we name this substance
li you could look that up in a periodic
table that's a lithium
now so4 is a polyatomic ion it has a
single name
the periodic table won't help you with
that you need to look it up in your
polyatomic ion sheet
so4 is simply called sulfate
and that is something you just have to
know
now there's a video
in which i made that goes over the
common polyatomic ions that you need to
look for just look it up on youtube you
should be able to find it
and it's just
it'll help you to like understand
how to name certain polyatomic ions so
it's easier for you to memorize it it
helps you to get a better understanding
of the naming system
na2co3 na represents sodium
co3 is called carbonate
so combined it's sodium carbonate
here's another one
name this one baoh2
and kc2h3oh2
or just o2
ba
is barium
and oh when you see it
it's known as hydroxide so this is going
to be called barium
hydroxide
now what about the next example
what does k stand for
k
is called potassium
and
c2h3o2 that's a single polyatomic ion
known as acetate
so combine this is potassium
acetate
now i'm going to give you two more
examples with polyatomic ions
go ahead and name this one
and also
nh4
no3
zn stands for zinc
clo4 is known as perchlorate
so collectively
this is zinc per chlorine
now the last one
it's ionic compound even though it
doesn't have a metal inside of it
nh4
that's known as ammonium that's a
polyatomic ion
no3
is another polyatomic ion which is
called nitrate so combined
this is ammonium nitrate
consider these two compounds
fecl2
and fecl3
how can we name
these two compounds
fe
stands for iron
and cl
is going to be chloride instead of
chlorine
but now how is this going to be
different from the other one because the
other one is also iron chloride
so we need a way
to distinguish
fecl2
from fecl3
it turns out that certain transition
metals have multiple charges
and so you need to use roman numerals to
specify
the charge of the transition metal
there are certain metals that are not
transition metals that also have
multiple charges and you would still use
the roman numeral system for it
so what we need to do is figure out the
charge of fe and fecl2
now the charge of a single chloride ion
is negative one
and in this example
there are two of them
so the total negative charge is negative
two
therefore fe
has to have a positive two charge to
neutralize
the negative two charge from the two
chloride ions
so therefore since the charge in fe is
positive two
this is called
iron two chloride
now in the next example
we have three chloride ions so the total
charge is negative three
which means the total charge from fe has
to be positive three
the net charge has to add up to zero
because there's no charge on fecl3
so therefore this is going to be called
iron
3
chloride
and that's how you can name
ionic compounds that
have metals with variable charges
let's look at another example
cubr
and
cubr2
go ahead and name these two compounds
now let's start with cubr
bromide has a negative one charge and
there's only one of them
so copper has to balance that negative
one charge so it must have a plus one
charge
so therefore this is going to be called
copper
one
bromide because it has a plus one charge
now what about the second example
what's the name for it
well in this case we have two
bromide ions so the total charge is
negative two so therefore copper has to
have a plus two charge
to balance the two negative charges so
it's going to be copper
two
bromide now what about crs
and cr2 s3
go ahead and try those two examples
so let's find the charge on sulfur
sulfur has a negative two charge
which means in this example chromium has
to have a plus two charge
so this is going to be called
chromium
two sulfide
now for the second example
there's three sulfide ions
so the total negative charge is negative
six
which means the total positive charge
has to be positive six
now there's two chromium ions
so for the total charge to add up to
plus six each of these chromium ions
have to have a plus three charge so
therefore this is going to be called
chromium
sulfide
so hopefully these examples are helping
to get a good idea of how to name these
types of ionic compounds
try this sno and sno2
oxygen has a minus two charge
so tin
has to have a plus two charge
so the first one is called
tin
ii
oxide
now let's move on to our next example
so this time there's two oxide ions with
a total negative charge of negative four
but there's only one tin atom
so therefore it has to have a plus four
charge
so this is going to be called tin
four
oxide
now for those of you who need to review
the roman numeral system here's some
basics
this is one
this is two
this represents three
now this is five
now if you put the i symbol to the left
of the five
it really means subtraction like five
minus one so this is four
if you put it to the right of the five
it means addition five plus one is six
so if you want to write seven put two
eyes to the right of the v
so that represents seven
so just a basic tutorial of roman
numerals in the course of
this class
you don't really need to go past seven i
haven't seen any examples beyond that so
if you know these numbers you should be
good
now let's try this one pbso4
and pb
co3 2.
so4 is sulfate and it has a negative two
charge which means pb has to have a
positive two charge so this is going to
be called
lead
to
sulfate
now for the last example
carbonate
has a minus two charge
but there's two carbonate ions in that
compound so the total negative charge is
negative four
and there's only one pb atom so it has
to bear the entire positive 4 charge
so this is going to be called
lead
4
carbonate
and that is it for this video
so now you know how to name
ionic compounds
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